What are Antiseptics?

Antiseptics are medicines that are incorporated in deodorants & breath purifiers. Do you know the reason? This is because they can reduce the odour from bacterial decomposition in the body or mouth. Another important point is that they can be safely applied to human tissues.

What are Antipyretics?

Antipyretics are medicines which are used in the case of fever to lower the body temperature & inducing perspiration.
Examples:

• Paracetamol
• Aspirin
• Phenacetin

Important point:

Aspirin is also known as acetylsalicylic acid

Importance of martius yellow

Actually what is martius yellow? Remember that martius yellow is an example of a direct dye. As the name indicates direct dyes are dyes which are directly applied to the cloth from a hot aqueous solution.

What is the product formed in the below reaction?

It is important to note that phenol undergoes nitration with concentrated HNO₃ & H₂SO₄. Can you name the product formed?
Answer:
The product formed is 2,4,6 trinitrophenol.

Important Question

Chemistry students are familiar with aldol condensation. My question is what is the speciality of the aldehyde that undergo aldol condensation?
Answer:
The aldehyde which undergo aldol condensation should contain at least one α hydrogen atom.

Preparation of salicylaldehyde from phenol

Using phenol how can we prepare salicylaldehyde? I hope we all are familiar with the reaction named Reimer-Tiemann reaction. Here note that phenol when heated with chloroform & NaOH at 60 degree Celsius & on acidifying the product obtained, salicylaldehyde is formed.
Also remember that if carbontetrachloride is used instead of chloroform, the product obtained is salicylic acid.

Schiff's reagent

Chemistry students are familiar with this schiff's reagent. This is a reagent used to distinguish aldehyde & ketones.It is important to note that ketones do not answer this test but aldehyde answer this. Remember that by decolorizing a solution of p-rosaniline hydrochloride in water by SO₂, we can prepare schiff's reagent.